This type of fertilizer is typically sold in a granular form, although other preparations and … If there is a significant amount of ammonium nitrate it can generate enough heat to catch fire and continue to burn eventually causing an explosion.Â. Ammonium nitrate definition is - a colorless crystalline salt NH4NO3 used in explosives and fertilizers and in veterinary medicine. Omissions? In this mixture, the ammonium nitrate is an oxidizing agent for fuel. Ammonium nitrate is also one of the most commonly used high nitrogen fertilizers. * Making explosives. I know a bit about a technique called cut and fill mining. It has been the cause of numerous industrial explosions over the last three decades, including the explosion at a chemical plant in Toulouse, France, in 2001 that killed 31 people. These forms supply 50% of their N as pure nitrate and so instantaneously increase the quantity of nitrate in topsoil from a very low value, typically about 10 kg nitrate-N ha −1 , to 50 kg nitrate-N ha −1 or more depending on the amount applied. For further details of our complaints policy and to make a complaint please click this link: thesun.co.uk/editorial-complaints/, Comments are subject to our community guidelines, which can be viewed, The chemical is widely used as a fertiliser but has been used to make explosives because of its low cost, Wreckage from the 2001 chemical plant explosion in Toulouse, The blast in the port area of Beirut on August 4, Beirut explosion - Frantic search for hundreds of survivors trapped under rubble after blast so big it tore off clothes, Independent Press Standards Organisation (IPSO). To inquire about a licence to reproduce material, visit our Syndication site. Ammonium nitrate fertilizer is an industrially-produced chemical fertilizer. 679215 Registered office: 1 London Bridge Street, London, SE1 9GF. But what is it and what is it used for? Ammonium nitrate is a popular fertilizer since it provides half of the N in the nitrate form and half in the ammonium form. It is widely used for this purpose in agriculture around the world. Ammonium nitrate is also used in the explosives manufactured in the mining industry. Ammonium nitrate is predominantly used in agriculture as a fertiliser. These sugars have to be delivered from their production site in the leaves, down to the roots. Corrections? Used to make fertilizers and explosives, and as a nutrient in producing antibiotics and yeast. We can denote this fertilizer compound as CAN. In most countries, it is used to make explosives for mining, quarrying and civil construction because of its low cost and ready availability. The commercial grade contains about 33.5 percent nitrogen, all of which is in forms utilizable by plants; it is the most common nitrogenous component of artificial fertilizers. Most countries have regulations controlling the storage of ammonium nitrate to make it safe. Ammonium nitrate is predominantly used in agriculture as a fertiliser. First we need to understand the different ways these two nutrient forms are metabolized: Ammonium metabolism consumes much more oxygen than metabolism of Nitrate. HSE’s leaflet INDG230 Storing and handling ammonium nitrate provides information relating to the general duties imposed on employers by the Health and Safety at Work etc Act 1974 with regard to the safe storage and handling of ammonium nitrate at, for example, harbours, merchant stores and manufacturers’ premises. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. Ammonium nitrate fertilizer is a simple compound to make. The chemical is classified as an “energetic material” meaning that it produces heat as it decomposes. Ammonium nitrate is a common industrial chemical used mainly for fertiliser because it is a good source of nitrogen for plants. …acid treated with ammonia gives ammonium nitrate, a most important fertilizer. By itself, ammonium nitrate is not regarded as dangerous but under certain conditions, it can become deadly. Nitrogen is essential for … This service is provided on News Group Newspapers' Limited's Standard Terms and Conditions in accordance with our Privacy & Cookie Policy. Ammonium nitrate has the chemical formula NH₄NO₃. It is the main ingredient in the manufacture of commercial explosives used in mining and construction. On the other hand Nitrate is transported up to the leaves, wher… The nitrate form moves readily with soil water to the roots, where it’s immediately available for plant uptake. The chemical made the news again after a huge explosion in Beirut caused the death of 100 people and nearly 4,000 injuries. After the straight dynamites and gelatins, the next important advance in dynamite was the substitution... After the straight dynamites and gelatins, the next important advance in dynamite was the substitution...…, …example of the latter is ammonium nitrate, in which the cation is NH4+ and the...…. It's also used to create controlled explosions in mining and quarrying. Ammonium nitrate is a chemical compound with the chemical formula NH4NO3. Another important use of this chemical compound is in instant cold packs. Ammonium nitrate also is employed to modify the detonation rate of other explosives, such as nitroglycerin in the so-called ammonia dynamites, or as an oxidizing agent in the ammonals, which are mixtures of ammonium nitrate and powdered aluminum. Other names we use for this compound are nitro-limestone and nitrochalk. For other inquiries, Contact Us. Ammonium nitrate, an odorless, colorless crystal salt, is a common fertilizer, but is also used to make explosives, matches, and antibiotics. At CSBP, almost all of the 780,000 tonnes of ammonium nitrate produced each year is used in the mining industry as a blasting agent. This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/science/ammonium-nitrate, National Center for Biotechnology Information - PubChem Compound - Ammonium Nitrate. You can also choose from polymer ammonium nitrate used, as well as from granular, powder, and prilled ammonium nitrate used, and whether ammonium nitrate used is ammonium sulphate, ammonium nitrate, or urea. It accounts for about 4% of the total nitrogen-fertilizer utilization worldwide. Ammonium nitrate(NH4NO3) is used in: * Manufacturing of fertilizer. It is a white crystalline solid and is highly soluble in water. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Structure of the chemical compound ammonium nitrate, from which fertilizer is produced. The chemical is applied in granule form into the soil and quickly dissolves under moisture, allowing nitrogen to be released. To see all content on The Sun, please use the Site Map. Because solid ammonium nitrate can undergo explosive decomposition when heated in a confined space, government regulations have been imposed on its shipment and storage. Ammonium Nitrate Uses and Sources. Due to its low cost and high stability, ANFO is a component in 80% of the explosives used in North America. It … Produced as small porous pellets, or “prills”, it’s one of the world’s most widely used fertilisers. * It is used in certain instant cold packs, because when it dissolve in water it release heat. The Sun website is regulated by the Independent Press Standards Organisation (IPSO), Our journalists strive for accuracy but on occasion we make mistakes. It is highly soluble in water; heating of the water solution decomposes the salt to nitrous oxide (laughing gas). Unfortunately ammonium nitrate is also used to create homemade explosives, often used by terrorists, called a fertilizer bomb. Ammonium nitrate is the fertilizer compound that can be used in explosives, said John Goodpaster, who researches explosives at Indiana at University-Purdue University Indianapolis. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. With significant, secure storage of ammonium nitrate prill and nitric acid, the continuous operation of three world-class ammonium nitrate plants and the capacity to prioritise the supply of ammonium nitrate to the mining industry, CSBP is well … News Corp is a network of leading companies in the worlds of diversified media, news, education, and information services. Ammonium nitrate, (NH4NO3), a salt of ammonia and nitric acid, used widely in fertilizers and explosives. Ammonium nitrate can be mixed with other substances to make a bomb. CAMEO Chemicals. The ANSP Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (NPRM) seeks to reduce the likelihood of a terrorist attack involving ammonium nitrate by: Creating a registration program for purchasers and sellers of ammonium nitrate. It's relatively stable under most conditions and is inexpensive to … The main use of ammonium nitrate is as a fertiliser, marketed either as prills (small spheres) or granules. About 80 percent of manufactured ammonium nitrate is used for fertiliser, particularly in the global agro-industrial system. In addition to its many legitimate uses, ammonium nitrate was the primary explosive used in the deadly Oklahoma City bombing in April 1995. Ammonium nitrate is predominantly used in agriculture as a high-nitrogen fertiliser. Its biggest use is as a source of nitrogen for fertiliser, but it is also used to create explosives … Ammonium Nitrate Emulsion, Suspension, or Gel is ammonium nitrate suspended in a liquid. The commercial grade contains about 33.5 percent nitrogen, all of which is in forms utilizable by plants; it is the most common nitrogenous component of artificial fertilizers. Ammonium nitrate is a chemical compound with the formula NH4 NO3, and it's made by combining ammonia with nitric acid. Ammonium nitrate can be used as fertilizer or as an explosive. Ammonium nitrate is a colourless crystalline substance (melting point 169.6 °C [337.3 °F]). It is a white crystalline solid consisting of ions of ammonium and nitrate. Storing and handling ammonium nitrate. Ammonia + nitric acid → ammonium nitrate NH 3 (aq) + HNO 3 (aq) → NH 4 NO 3 (aq) Ammonium nitrate is a source of soluble nitrogen, so it can be used as a 'nitrogenous' fertiliser. Australia Taroom, Queensland August 30, 1972: 3 12 A truck carrying 12 tons of ammonium nitrate experienced an electrical fault and caught fire north of … It has been reported that the cause of the explosion in the Lebanon capital was ammonium nitrate. When mixed with fuel oils, the chemical creates a potent explosive that is widely used in the construction industry. Ammonium nitrate, the substance In its pure form, ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3) is a white, crystalline chemical which is soluble in water. Ammonium is metabolized in the roots, where it reacts with sugars. Ammonium nitrate is a chemical compound used in agriculture as a fertilizer, to make pyrotechnics, as an ingredient in cold packs, and for science demonstrations. The chemical is applied in granule form into the soil and quickly dissolves under moisture, allowing nitrogen to … Explosives made of ammonium nitrate, a common form of nitrogen fertilizer, are widely used in industry and have largely replaced dynamite in the blasting of … While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. View our online Press Pack. Ammonium nitrate is commercially available and is often used in fertilizers and explosives. Ammonium nitrate sold for use as fertilizer is the same substance as ammonium nitrate sold as an explosive. It is also one of … In Europe ammonium nitrate or calcium ammonium nitrate (CAN) is widely used. In Australia, 95% of ammonium nitrate is used as an explosive in the mining industry and 5% as a fertilizer, mainly by horticulturalists. It is highly soluble in water and hygroscopic as a solid, although it does not form hydrates. It is predominantly used in agriculture as a high-nitrogen fertilizer. Global production was estimated at 21.6 million tonnes in 2017. Updates? Ammonium nitrate is a crystal-like white solid which is made in large industrial quantities. Agricultural use. A wide variety of ammonium nitrate used options are available to you, such as nitrogen fertilizer. Using ammonium nitrate in gardens and large scale agricultural fields enhances plant growth and provides a ready supply of nitrogen from which plants can draw. Ammonium nitrate, a salt of ammonia and nitric acid, used widely in fertilizers and explosives. Ammonium nitrate is an odorless, nearly colorless crystal salt. Calcium ammonium nitrate is an inorganic compound that is widely used as a fertilizer. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. It is created when ammonia gas reacts with nitric acid. Ammonium nitrate was also used to create the explosives used in the 2006 Mumbai train bombings. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Global production, in the form of a white crystalline solid, runs … With this method, you drill into the end of a mining chamber called a stope, which is a bit like a tunnel with a brow coming down from the back (what we’d call the ceiling). The cause of the explosion was the ignition of ammonium nitrate used as raw material for fertilizer and explosives. "The Sun", "Sun", "Sun Online" are registered trademarks or trade names of News Group Newspapers Limited. The material itself does not readily burn but will readily do so if contaminated by combustible material. A HUGE explosion erupted in Beirut on August 4 causing 100 deaths and nearly 4,000 injuries. It was reported that 2,750 tonnes of ammonium nitrate was stored in a warehouse for six years without safety measures. PM confirms lockdown WILL lift in stages & hospitality among last to fully reopen, PrettyLittleThing forced to call PEST CONTROL as customers 'find fleas in clothes', Moment girl who decapitated her mum tells 999 ‘I had her head in my hands’, Outdoor pub pints by April & hopes hospitality could be normal by July, Four Covid symptoms 'MUST be added to official list after millions of cases', ©News Group Newspapers Limited in England No. The main use of ammonium nitrate is as an additive to fertilizer, for helping nitrogen-poor soil. Another use of ammonium nitrate is in the food industry where it is used as a nutrient in producing antibiotics and yeast. Ammonium nitrate is a chemical compound with the formula NH₄NO₃. It has the chemical formula NH 4 NO 3 and is used primarily to increase the nitrogen content of soil.
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